Formerly International Journal of Basic and Applied Agricultural Research

Phenotypic characterization and microsatellite marker analysis of elite maizeinbred and teosinte (Zea mays ssp. parviglumis) accession

SNEHA ADHIKARI, ANJALI JOSHI and NARENDRA KUMAR SINGH
Pantnagar Journal of Research, Volume - 17, Issue - 2 ( May-August, 2019)

Published: 2019-08-01

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Abstract


Teosinte (Zea mays ssp. parviglumis), a weedy morphologically diverse sub-species is now considered as the most probable progenitor of modern maize (Zea maysssp. mays). To determine differentiation between maize and its progenitor toesinte, an investigation on phenotypic and genomic assessment was carried out. Photoperiod sensitivity is one of the traits where maize differs from teosinte. Teosinte grows for a longer time, bears tillers, more than one tassel and takes more duration in flowering. Ear morphology and kernels were entirely different in maize from teosinte. Genomic analysis using 91 microsatellites loci identified 164 alleles with a mean of 1.8 alleles per locus. Of the 91 loci, 55 were polymorphic, 31 were monomorphic, whereas five loci showed null allele between maize and teosinte. Polymorphism information content (PIC) value of polymorphic markers was 1.0. Maize and teosinte were found only 25% similar as indicated by Jaccard's similarity coefficient and dendrogram analysis of SSR data. The results therefore indicates that both at phenotypic and genome level, maize and teosinte are quite diverse probably because of the mutations in some major and regulatory genes followed by selection during evolutionary domestication. Large genetic diversity in teosinte from maize may help in domestication of wild alleles as well diversification and maize germplasm enhancement which are essentially and urgently required in maize improvement programme.


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